多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，月经不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

图片表现：盆腔MRI和MRI T2WI揭示腹腔增大，周遭囊馒头大于12亚厘米。周遭腹腔组分在MRI上极强回波，MRI上高回波。未见优势卵馒头。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

病因：多囊腹腔综合征伐

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

争辩：多囊腹腔综合征伐也叫S-L综合征伐。是女性病症的最少见原因。主要是由于荷尔蒙紊乱致使长时间无排卵和皮质醇分泌过盛。PCOS典型人口为120人征伐：肥胖、闭经和刚毛病病人。但仅有半数病人表现为此人口为120人病病人。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，均需采用图片检查进一步获取愈来愈多信息。典型的MRI/MRI征伐象以外：腹腔增大、变圆，外周多发口内馒头，腹腔组分US上极强回波，T2WI高回波。PCOS病人要求长时间随访，因长时间皮质醇低水平过高，可能会持续性乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上意象节选自腹部图片病例----）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊腹腔综合征伐

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 口内

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 极强回波的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 生孩子

7. endocrinologic 荷尔蒙的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 取消排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 皮质醇过多病病人

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 刚毛病病人

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 腹腔

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 组分

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 导致回波（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 皮质醇

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊腹腔综合征伐